Research project on identification of fire and smo

The research project of identification of fire and smoke control system by chromatography/mass spectrometry won the prize

Preface: the Ministry of public security's scientific research program "Application of chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) in fire cause identification" undertaken by Tianjin Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of public security and the national "Tenth Five year plan" rolling scientific and technological research program "Research on subway smoke control design parameters and smoke control system" won the second prize of science and technology of the Ministry of public security in 2010. In addition, the application innovation program of the Ministry of public security, "Research on fire hazard classification test methods and test devices for liquid oxidizing substances", won the third prize of science and technology of the Fire Department of the Ministry of public security in 2010

the scientific research and technology project of the application of chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) in the identification of fire causes is to prepare standard samples of different combustion forms in the built experimental platform through the test of simulated fire site conditions, and study the characteristic peaks of color spectrum of common flammable liquids such as gasoline, diesel, paint diluents and their combustion residues by using comparison technology and ion extraction technology, The method and basis for determining the type of combustion supporting agent are put forward

the project established the sample laboratory pretreatment technology for the first time to get a good method to eliminate matrix interference, and formed a series of national standards of "laboratory extraction methods of flammable liquid residues in fire scene"; The project identified flammable liquids with their combustion residues by comparing the extracted ion spectra of characteristic substances with the total ion spectra, established the gc/ms spectrum library of common flammable liquids and interferents, established the GC-MS method to identify the identification characteristics of flammable liquids with their combustion residues, and formulated the national standard "fire technology identification methods Part 5: gas chromatography mass spectrometry (gc/ms)"; The established gc/ms basic spectrum provides rich data for the standard spectrum library software of fire physical evidence. The research results of this project have played an important role in accurately identifying the cause of the fire for local public security organs and fire-fighting institutions after years of application of physical evidence identification on the actual fire scene, provided a more solid scientific basis for scientifically, quickly and accurately identifying the cause of the fire and identifying the nature of the fire, and provided quite key evidence and clues for quickly detecting the vicious crime of arson. Especially in the identification of the causes of major fires, it played a vital role in the production of various detection instruments by Jinan new era Gold Testing Instrument Co., Ltd. all year round, and made outstanding contributions to national security and social harmony and stability, such as the "11.14" Chengde gedu Concert Hall fire in 2007 "6.5" bus fire in Chengdu in 2009 and "7.4" car fire in Wuxi Xuefeng iron and Steel Co., Ltd. in 2010 to meet the needs of social products and environmental protection

"Research on design parameters and smoke control system of subway smoke control" is a national "Tenth Five Year" rolling scientific and technological research plan project. Through the study of a large number of domestic and foreign relevant design specifications, research literature and practical engineering examples of subway smoke control system, it analyzes and summarizes the geometric structure dimensions of typical subway stations, platforms and interval tunnels, and analyzes the fire hazard sources of subway, The theoretical methods and application technologies of smoke control at home and abroad are studied and compared. The research and full-scale experiments of subway luggage fire are carried out, and the experimental modeling system of subway initial fire smoke control system is established. In Tianjin Metro Line 1 and Guangzhou Metro Line 2, the physical fire test research was carried out, and the numerical simulation technology was used to verify and correct through UL verification

through the statistical analysis of the average weight of luggage carried by two types of subway passengers (business travelers, migrant workers, family visitors, tourists and local citizens), the development law of luggage fire is obtained, and the corresponding fire type, maximum heat release rate and design fire scene are determined; The maximum heat release rate of different types of fires is analyzed, and the experimental measurement methods of fire smoke generation are compared. Through the comparative analysis of various plume models, the plume models suitable for subway fire analysis are screened and determined, and the corresponding calculation software is compiled; Through the analysis and research of the critical wind speed of the fire smoke control system in the interval tunnel, subway station platform and station hall, the reasonable recommended value of the critical wind speed to prevent the smoke from spreading under the conditions of different fire heat release rates is obtained; This paper studies the fire smoke control methods in the subway tunnel, platform area and station hall area, and uses the Nanlou station of Tianjin Metro Line 1 to carry out the solid fire simulation test of hot smoke and cold smoke, and uses the numerical simulation analysis and verification to analyze the main factors affecting the smoke exhaust system and smoke control performance, puts forward the technical measures to improve the performance of the smoke exhaust system, and determines the main design parameters of the smoke control system; This paper puts forward the smoke control method of subway initial fire and the principle and effectiveness evaluation method of personnel evacuation, studies and establishes a set of smoke control modeling experimental system to control the smoke flow of subway initial fire, puts forward the causes of smoke backflow in the ground air Pavilion of subway station and its prevention measures, and uses Guangzhou Metro Line 2 to carry out the physical fire test and numerical simulation analysis, and obtains the environmental temperature and wind speed The influence law of the relative position of the personnel entrance and exit and the height of the smoke exhaust outlet on the smoke exhaust effect of the ground air Pavilion. The research results of this project are of great significance for preventing and controlling subway fires, reducing casualties and property losses at the initial stage of fires, and guiding the design of subway smoke control, providing scientific and technical support for improving China's subway smoke control technology and formulating and revising relevant national standards

research on fire risk classification test method and test device of liquid oxidizing substances is an application innovation program of the Ministry of public security. With reference to the United Nations "recommendation on the transport of dangerous goods - Manual of tests and standards", it has established a fire risk classification test device for liquid oxidizing substances. On this basis, it has tested the mixture of three reference substances and cellulose to verify the performance of the device. The technical indicators of the device fully meet the relevant requirements, and the data processing is convenient, accurate, and friendly interface; Based on the development of the device and the test of reference materials, the project also tested six typical oxidizing liquids and gave their classification; The establishment of the whole set of test methods lays a foundation for the formulation of the standard of "test method for fire risk classification of liquid oxidizing substances", as well as the relevant fire protection design, fire protection specifications and basic scientific research on fire protection

the completion of this research work marks the formation of a complete series of fire hazard testing devices for hazardous chemicals that can be clearly seen on the electronic tensile testing machine deformation (or stress-strain) curve, and on this basis, a systematic and scientific quantitative grading method has been formed. The established test methods and test devices have reached the international advanced level. This series of test methods and devices can not only be in line with the standards of international organizations and industrial developed countries, but also comply with the current laws and regulations of our country. This also provides technical support for fire supervision departments at all levels to regulate the fire supervision and management of flammable and explosive chemicals, so as to reduce or avoid major fire accidents

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